Central square of Gubbio, Italy, 14th century AD (Giorgio Albertini)

So unusual to me to be lifted up like that, but the article below seems to tell the tale. Just skimming, it new town center seemed to be a rather unique building experiment designed to unite upper, lower and quadrant portions of the cities that were otherwise divided by moat and whatnot:

https://www.secretumbria.it/en/piazza-grande-the-main-square/